Unemployment Essay Example for Free

Unemployment Essay In every society there will always be a number of people who are unemployed. Unemployment is when there are people in our society who desire work but are unable to obtain it because of the fact that there are not enough jobs for everyone. There are many factors that can cause unemployment but one of the biggest factors is lack of private investment. This is caused by private companies not expanding their activities fast or not expanding them fast enough. Another main factor of unemployment is the increase of labour costs. Labour costs are the wages and salaries businesses have to pay their employees. This is a bad thing because if there wages and salaries increase to fast or are already high then businesses won’t be able to afford to pay the employees so they have to fire them. One final cause of unemployment is when there is a depression in the world economy. This is when countries of the world are going bad in there economy and cannot afford to buy as many exports as they would be able to previously. There are no positive aspects of unemployment and is really bad for the production of the economy. This means that we are wasting our resources because instead of producing goods and services with them we aren’t doing anything with them. But this isn’t the only effect of unemployment, people’s income will also change and it will cause more poverty. Unemployment also reduces the amount of tax paid to the government which means that the government will be losing money because since less people are working the government is getting less income tax but with whatever money they get they have to pay all the unemployed people and this is how the government gets into a lot of debt. Long-term unemployment is when people have been unemployed for 12 months or more. This is a very serious matter because when you have been unemployed for so long you have a high risk of poverty. Long term unemployment also places a strain on the government because they have to support without getting much tax revenue. Unemployment, particularly long term unemployment, is the most savage cause of poverty and disadvantage in our community. It is the cause of enormous personal and financial hardship for hundreds of thousands of people and their families. Unemployment is the greatest determiner of poverty and exclusion–and that is why the fight against unemployment is so critically important. However it is said that this battle can only result in victory by concentrating on providing jobs and opportunities rather than penalties or slogans. The importance of employment can only be explained, in that undertaking paid work fulfils many functions in our society. Employment is the main way of receiving money and thus survival, but we also often gain our sense of identity, self-worth and social connections through the paid work we do. Unemployment is the condition of one who is capable of working, actively seeking work but is unable to secure a paid job. However, it is essential to note that to be considered unemployed, a person must be an active member of the labour force and in search of remunerative work. In March 2002, the ABS estimated that 622,300 people were unemployed in Australia at a rate of 6. 3 per cent. This is disturbing, in itself, but the figures would be even higher if the definition of unemployment was not so narrow. While the unemployment rate is useful, it also has some very real limitations. It does not represent what jobs are disappearing or being created, whether they are part-time or full-time, permanent or casual. It also does not reflect upon whether people are working too many hours or not enough hours, or the amount of time they remain without work. Unemployment is not a problem solely for those without paid work; it is a problem for all of us. If people have no money to spend, local businesses do not sell their products and this spiraling effect can impact on entire economies. People face a number of barriers to employment. The primary barrier is that there are not enough jobs for those who wish to undertake paid employment. In February 2002 there were still seven job-seekers for every job vacancy. There are also not enough supports available for people seeking paid work, such as access to affordable child care and rehabilitation or support mechanisms for people with disabilities. Also, paradoxically, people are often considered too young or too old by prospective employers, so age can also be a barrier to employment. Other barriers relate to where people are living. There are differences between rural and urban levels of unemployment, and also stark differences between suburbs in all major Australian cities. The unemployment rate is a figure produced monthly by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). An unemployed person is defined by the ABS as someone not in paid employment who is actively looking for work. Anyone who is doing paid work for at least one hour a week is not considered to be unemployed. Many people are marginally attached to the labour orce–they want to work but are not actively seeking employment. Sometimes people stop looking for work because they are under the misleading impression that they won’t be successful. These discouraged job seekers may believe they are too old, or too young, or do not possess the skills an employer would want. This is hidden unemployment. The other large group of people not represented in the statistics are those who are working but would prefer to work more hours, the underemployed. In February 2002, over 27 per cent of part-time workers wanted to work more hours . Three sources of data are used to calculate the figures representing the labour force in regard to unemployment. These involve the monthly labour force survey conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, statistics from the Job Network and statistics from Centrelink. Also, the Australian Bureau of Statistics take sit further in that they attempt to categorize the final statistics into sections involving age, region, sex, occupation and education. Currently, as previously mentioned, the Australian Bureau of Statistics states that the unemployment rate in Australia is approximately 6. % and nevertheless, this figure does not encapsulate hidden employment. Unfortunately, anyone can become unemployed readily. Statistically, however, indigenous Australians, recently arrived migrants, people with disabilities, young people and older workers who have been retrenched are most likely to be unemployed. People living in remote and rural communities also have higher rates of unemployment. The graph above shows the percentages of people in different age groups who were unemployed and looking for work in March 2002. Youth unemployment is very high across Australia. There are, however, fewer young people looking for work than in the past, as more undertake education and training before entering into the job market. Within the last two budgets, the Howard Government have attempted several tactics involving policies and the like to lower the unemployment rate in Australia. The centrepiece of the 2002 budget involved the Welfare Reform Package, which entailed many new policies to hopefully effectively reduce unemployment in Australia. This was designed to provide higher levels of service and support to those having difficulty with acquiring employment. This new system features policies where sole parents who wish to retain benefits they receive as an unemployed citizen and support a child between 12 and 15 years of age is required to attend an annual meeting at Centrelink, or a program which involves the undertaking of community service and/. or part time work. Those over the age of 50 are now required to claim identical benefits tot hose under, as opposed to the previous Mature Age Allowance or Partner Allowance. Training credits will be offered, but conversely mutual obligation requirements were introduced. Finally, all unemployed people face new requirements as soon as they have bee without employment for over 3 months, and are requested to attend interviews and job help programs to assist them in their search. Although Australians who are unemployed receive government assistance if they meet certain requirements, unemployment benefits leave many to survive below the poverty line. Governments play a pivotal role investing in research and development and social infrastructure (health, education and community services). Job creation is vital if the unemployment rate is to be reduced. If governments make such investments, this will not only maintain the fabric of society, but will create many meaningful employment opportunities. An important aspect of unemployment is the length of time people are without work. Long-term unemployment is a major problem in Australia. In March 2002, 24. 7 per cent of unemployed people had been without work for a year or more; of this group, 57. 2 per cent had been unemployed for over two years. It is estimated that one in five poor Australians are in paid work but are still almost unable to support themselves, and are known as–the ‘working poor’. Many people in Australia also get trapped in the cycle of insecure low-paid casual jobs, followed by periods spent living on income support. This growing number of people highlights the importance of creating quality jobs. Personally, I believe that whilst many effective strategies are in place to reduce unemployment in Australia, and in fact the rate of unemployment is lower than it has been in many years, more can be done to assist those unfortunate people. It has been said that the first step is to acknowledge that unemployment is a structural problem, not one of lazy individuals. This indicates that governments have a role to play in developing appropriate policy: as unemployment may be exacerbated by government policy it can similarly be alleviated by political intervention. A policy to reduce unemployment very substantially has a much greater chance of success if it is based on increased government expenditure. Some regions have been particularly hard hit, with industries that have previously provided the bulk of employment closing down or moving elsewhere. In some of these areas people from business, governments and the community have started working together to generate employment and strengthen local economies. In order to gain employment people need appropriate skills, so access to training is vital. Labour market programs that offer real and relevant training are needed not schemes which appear to blame unemployed people for their difficulties, with little focus on job placement and support. Whilst many occupations have placed several people out of work due to lack of demand, in opposition many professions require increased numbers of people to fill the demand in Australia. Programs should be established for the encouragement and training of those who require work in these fields, as this would doubly regard both the country and the people of it. In termination, unemployment is an involuntary condition, which not only affects those engulfed by it, but those who surround such people. In Australia, in my opinion we are blessed to live in such a democratic society, yet where the government takes an active interest in the plight of the people and thus encourages independence. The unemployment issues in Australia are countless, yet they are not without solution. In years to come, it is likely that our unemployment rate shall continue to decrease, due to the unfailing efforts of our government and citizens.

John Updike :: essays papers

John Updike Men and women have depended on each other forever. The unique bond between the male and female is often discussed through literature. John Updike examines male freedom as a myth. Through his writing, John Updike shows a man’s need of women. In the novel â€Å"Marry Me† by John Updike an ordinary suburban love affair is illustrated. Jerry is a man, engulfed by self-hatred, as well as raging anger. Sally, his mistress, is a depressed and confused woman lacking self-confidence. Jerry is in a marriage with Ruth, but it is by name only. The true elements of love, passion and pure sexual appetite are only exhibited through the love affair Jerry is having with Sally. Men are the focus of John Updike’s literature. Using male characters allows Updike to open up a feminized world. The men in Updike’s novels are victims of forces, which only the reader understands, but the character does not. Women are usually the only masculine pursuit in John Updike’s novels that offer the promise of relief. Jerry lives in a typical Connecticut suburb. His home lacks the usual male obsession of both work and sports. Jerry’s only urge for advancement was for money purposes. Unlike the traditional love triangle, which leaves two men fighting for one woman, Updike puts Ruth and Sally in competition for one man. John Updike provides the character assessment of Jerry to be one of a man with boyish hope for pure love with the â€Å"perfect† woman and his underlying wants and needs to love, as well as his helplessness to understand his own complicated life. In numerous pieces of John Updike’s literature when the male character finds the woman of their dreams, he will eventually begin to hate her. Jerry conquers Sally and overpowers her concerns for her small children, her marriage, as well as her devotion to family and her financial security. However, he is extremely unwilling to change, but in the same way unable to remain the same man. He knows what he desires in a woman. Jerry wants a warm woman, yet he stays with a cold woman. Ruth (Jerry’s wife) keeps both his anger and contempt alive, but he still stays with her. He looks in turn to his mistress Sally to give him strength and encouragement. However, by sally giving Jerry the support he will truly craves, she allows him to become frustrated and angry at her for threatening to demolish the hatred, which binds him to Ruth forever.

Old Town Embark in Australia Essay

1.0 Introduction of business in Malaysia Old Town White Coffee business is chosen for implementing its subsidiaries in other country through globalization. The store itself as a restaurant selling food and beverages are focused, but not their products of instant coffee (although the product will be sold in Australia in the store too, but the store is what we should focus on). Old Town White Coffee is established and incorporated in 1999 but opened its first chain of outlets in 2005. The business is always in leading position after its success and in 2012 it is still proudly the biggest â€Å"kopitiam† restaurant in Malaysia (Old Town, 2013). â€Å"Kopitiam† can be defiend as a coffee shop which the word kopi is a Malay word that has the meaning of coffee while the word tiam is the Hokkien dialect word for a shop. The outlets of Old Town White Coffee are based on the traditional Ipoh coffee shop setting. The business expanded rapidly in the years and its outlets are available in nationwide Malaysia including all the states. Each state has lots of outlet and mainly the most of them is Penang, followed by Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. Later it expands to the stores in both Singapore and Indonesia. In 2009, there are around 1348 over retail outlets available in Malaysia, 550 in Singapore and 2100 in Hong Kong (Old Town, 2013). Old Town White Coffee operates mainly in selling coffee such as Nayang Kopi O and Nayang Kopi C and most importantly its signature drinks Ipoh White Coffee, but the business is also available in other beverages that are common in Malaysia such as Old Town White Milk Tea, Old Town Cham and Old Town Enriched Chocolate. Other than the beverages, there are some classic dishes like Old Town Nasi Lemak Special, Mee Java, Old Town Mee Hoon, Dry Curry Mee, Old Town Assam Laksa, Old Town Lum Mee, Old Town Ipoh Chicken Hor Fun and etc (Old Town, 2013). There are some local favorites and sweet delight such as Kaya and Butter toast and Old Town Signature Ice Cream. These food and beverages are all local food and beverages that are popular among the Malaysians. Old Town White Coffee can be said as successful as it grow from a small business to a large corporation nowadays, and it is well known in Malaysia. Since the market in Malaysia is matured it should have try to expand its business in the other countries and it is proved in both Singapore and Indonesia by its revenue and time they survived. Old Town White Coffee is well prepared to access to the world through globalization and try to dominate the market available to them. 2.0 PESTLE factors of country selected Pestle factors is a framework of macro-environmental factors which to be used in strategic management environmental scanning component. Political factor, economic factor, social factor, technological factor, environmental factor is included in Pestle (Byars, 1991). 2.1 Political factor The factor includes understanding about the political system, and some key figures that are relevant to government indicators and the business in the country (Jan, 2002). Trading policies in Australia with its neighbor countries is good and in favorable condition. Pressure groups in Australia will let new business to consider and practice Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics. Australia political environment can be consider as sound as it does not involve in any form of war inside or outside the country. Besides, the government of Australia is work in the policy that encourage international businesses to invest in. Political environment in Australia is sound, as there are voting elections held in every 3 years (Australia profile, 2007). However when new government is formed there might be revising the regulations of business. 2.2 Economic factor The factor provides understanding about the economic story of the country that gives significant macro-economic issues a balanced assessment (Jan, 2002). In Australia the economy is facing a recession, with 2-3% inflation rate and approximately 6% unemployment rate. Sales tax, progressive income tax, corporate tax rate and etc are implied on Australia. It is very competitive for the corporate tax rate in Australia comparing to some major economies. The climate in Australia is pleasant and favorable for businesses. Other than that, Australia trade focused more in Asia and some pacific countries. The interest rate in Australia is approximately 3% and is favorable for investors as the business can be finance in a lower cost. 2.3 Social factor The factor deals with customer demographics involves income distribution, healthcare, educational scenario, rural-urban segmentation and centers of affluence (Jan, 2002). The media in Australia has a great impact on the people’s life.99% of the population in Australia is educated. Quality goods are more favorable among them as they are all highly educated. Religious are pretty diversified in Australia and there is a small percentage of them do not take beef, and small percentage of them is vegetarians. Other than that there is also Muslim that does not take pork. Furthermore, the Australian has high buying power which is good for trading over there (Australia profile, 2007). 2.4 Technological factor The factor enables understanding of strategic information on technological laws and policies, patents, technology and telecom, technological gaps and opportunity sectors in the country (Jan, 2002). There is a number exceeding $30 million of current value of intellectual property in Australia (Australia profile, 2007). The transportation infrastructure of Australia is well formed in the country and the business can serve their customer in a best way through transportation. 2.5 Legal factor The factor enables study of legal structure, laws to start a business, corporate laws and the tax regime (Jan, 2002). Australia Law system is not binding but influential to each other. Law is passed by the Parliaments and both common law and equity, and constitutional and statute law are used. There are Australia copyright law and Australian contract law which governed the businesses trading in Australia. 2.6 Environmental factor The factor is considering the country’s performance on environmental policies and indicators (Jan, 2002). Australia is a country that supports environmental protection. When the business is operated in Australia, there should be assumption of no negative impact on the environmental issues and Australia campaign regarding environmental issues should be supported. 3.0 Benefits, Cost and Risks in the business endeavor To invest a business, there are always benefits the business can earn and there are also costs whether high or low the business has to pay off. When there is an investment of business there are always risks associated with. The benefits of implementing Old Town stores in Australia involves providing food and beverages that are local, Malaysian style to those students who are studying in Australia, or some Malaysian that has immigrated to Australia. Instead of Malaysian, Singaporean, Indonesian and Bruneian are also widely available in Australia. They always seek Chinese foods that are unavailable in Australia but in the only street, Chinatown. Opening stores in Australia will definitely have a pleased welcome of them. Other than that, through this the culture in Malaysia, the local delights of Malaysia can be spread to Australia through this method. As there are the needs from those students and immigrated Malaysian, Singaporean, Indonesian and Bruneian, opening Old Town stores in Australia will make profit. However, the costs of opening stores of Old Town White Coffee in Australia is not cheap as there are a need of large capacity for the resources including raw materials, labor forces, and etc. Moreover, the raw materials and labor forces in Australia is not cheap therefore the costs is highly expensive. Other than that, Old Town White Coffee has exported its 3 in one instant Old Town White Coffee worldwide therefore in this time they have to implement their store which is the restaurant selling food. This made them cannot have it to be done exporting but the other form of method of entry. This made the costs higher. When there are higher costs there are always associated with higher risks. However, a higher risk always gives a higher return. Investments are like gambling all the time. There should have appropriate strategic management assessing all the risks and see whether it is worth it to invest. It is definitely worth it to invest when there are already customer sources. However, the people are distributed in various places, to cut cost there have to be less opening of stores and this will make the people cannot access to the stores and therefore less customers. Other than that, the Australian might not like Old Town food and beverages due to different tastes. 4.0 Proposed Method of Entry The proposed mode of entry is the types of entry modes that to enter into foreign market which is spilt up to two major types of entry modes which are equity and non-equity mode. Equity modes involve joint venture and wholly owned subsidiaries while non-equity modes involve export and contractual agreements. The entry methods are not similar and differ in degree of risk they present, the resource commitment and control they required and the investment return they promise (Agarwal & Ramaswami, 1992). The decision on what method chosen to enter a foreign will have a significant impact on the results therefore it should be careful when doing the selections. As it is a restaurant and cafà © based store it is impossible for Old Town White Coffee to enter the Australia market through exporting. There should be a try of contractual agreements like licensing and franchising, joint venture or direct investment which wholly owned the subsidiaries. In our view, as the costs are very high to invest in Australia and high risks associated in it, contractual agreement should be chosen as this method has provided the least of risks and costs other than exporting among all the choices of methods of entry. The advantages of licensing and franchising include minimizes risk and investment, having the ability of circumventing trade barriers, speed of entry, and high return on investment. Furthermore, there are low political risks, low costs and simultaneous expansion is allowed across the world. In an opposite way, the disadvantages of licensing and franchising involve lack of control of assets use, and the licenses or franchises might become a competitor later, the knowledge of the business is spillovers and the time period of license and franchise is limited. There might be wrong candidate of franchiser or licensor that ruin the business name or reputation (Agarwal & Ramaswami, 1992). Overall, there should have a use in licensing and franchising when there are import and investment barriers that are high but it is not appropriate in Australia as it is low in Australia. Other than that, there is no possible protection of legal in Australia environment which made licensing and franchising further not appropriate. However, there are large cultural distance and low potential of sales in Australia that estimated therefore using licensing and franchising is appropriated. Other than that is has to be assured that the licensee and franchisee has less ability to turn up to be a competitor. Old Town White Coffee should try joint ventures and direct investment but for cost and risk minimizing, they will have to choose licensing and franchising.

Different Forms Of Depressive Disorders - 1642 Words

A normal part of growing up is experiencing good days and bad days. On a bad day one might feel moody or depressed, sometimes without even knowing the cause of why. Every once in a while having depressed days is normal, especially for those going through the stages of puberty. If these days remain consistent, last for long periods, and effect personal relationships/daily activities, then that person is adequately suffering from clinical depression. There are numerous forms of depressive disorders. Clinical depressive disorder, most commonly referred to as major depressive disorder (MDD), is depression, according to the National Institute of Health, that includes severe symptoms which interfere with your ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy life (â€Å"What is Depression?†). Major depression can be passed down from generation to generation in some cases, but also may affect victims that have no trace of the illness in his family history. MDD can be diagnosed to patients who experience some of the many symptoms on a daily basis. These symptoms include: fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, guilt, indecisiveness, insomnia or hypersomnia, anhedonia (loss of interest in all activities), restlessness, thoughts of death or suicide, and also, significant weight loss or weight gain. MDD is an episodic disorder. This means that the feelings come and go. Over half of those who suffer experience additional episodes later on. The National Institute of Mental Health reports 6.7% ofShow MoreRelatedPsychology : Human And Emotional Type Of Disorders1734 Words   |  7 Pagesemotional type of disorders. As a psychology major you get to look at psychology through many forms, this is done with an objective which prepares you so to see which focus you find or can connect to most, most often for personal or logical base reasons. A subject or topic that caught my attention and helped me be more interested in the subject of psychology was wanting to know more about mentality or behavior and what exactly the brain or anything for that fact had influence in a different or psychologicalRead MoreMajor Depressive Disorder ( Mdd )1428 Words   |  6 PagesMajor Depressive Disorder is defined as a â€Å"moderate-to-severe mood disorder in which a person experiences only major depressive episodes but no hypomanic, manic, or mixed episodes† (Butcher, Hooley, Mineka, 2014, p. 618). Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is also referred to Major Depression. MDD is also â€Å"characterized by a combination of symptoms that interfere with a person’s ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy once-pleasurable activities. Major depression is disabling and prevents aRead MoreMajor Depressive Disorder. One Of The Most Commonly Diagnosed1367 Words   |  6 PagesMajor Depressive Disorder One of the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders in the United States is Major depressive disorder. Major depressive disorder is defined by the National Institute of Mental Health as a common but serious mood disorder that causes severe symptoms that affect how you feel, think, and handle daily activities, such as sleep, eating or working. For a doctor to diagnose you the symptoms must be present for a minimum of two weeks. Major depressive disorder is an umbrellaRead MoreEssay on Depressive Disorders1695 Words   |  7 Pagesneed. There are many ways to effectively treat depression like medications, psychotherapies, and other methods. Furthermore, there are several forms of depressive disorders: major depressive disorder (major depression), dysthymic disorder (dysthymia), minor depression, psychotic depression, postpartum depression, seasonal affective disorder, and bipolar disorder. 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Major depressive can affect a person’s sleep, school, work, and activities that once were enjoyable to them.Read MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of A Depressive Disorder1591 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is a depressive disorder? â€Å" A depressive disorder is an illness that involves the body, mood, and thoughts. It interferes with daily life, normal functioning, and causes pain for both the person with the disorder and those who care about him or her.† (Psychology Today) The term depression in psychology is more than just sadness. â€Å"People with depression may experience a lack of interest and pleasure in daily activities, significant weight loss or gain, insomnia or excessive sleeping, lack ofRead MoreManic Depression : An Effective Disorder952 Words   |  4 PagesIn this research paper, mood disorder is known as an effective disorder. This Mood disorder has another name or title that is psychiatrically labeled as Manic Depression. Sometimes individuals have good days or bad days, or just simply feel depressed. This manic depression concept reaches way beyond the trivial aspects of life. Sometimes life itself throws a curve, to the point, where an individual becomes unhappy about things that may lead them to a state of being emotionally depressed, but this

African American Women In Their Own Words Quotes

This collection of quotes from African American women are on quite a variety of topics. Some women speak about their philosophy of life, or about their perspectives on their field -- art, sports, politics. Some quotes are on racial and gender equality. Some are motivational and about achievement. Some quotes are on political and social issues that were important to them. Youll find here quite a collection of black womens words for many occasions. Marian Anderson Quotes - opera singer (contralto)Maya Angelou Quotes - poet, autobiographerMary McLeod Bethune Quotes - educator who founded Bethune-Cookman CollegeShirley Chisholm Quotes - politician, member of the U.S. Congress, presidential candidateAlice Dunbar-Nelson Quotes - writer, poet, activist and Harlem Renaissance figureMarian Wright Edelman Quotes - founder and president of the Childrens Defense FundAlthea Gibson Quotes - tennis championFannie Lou Hamer Quotes - civil rights activistLorraine Hansberry Quotes - playwright, wrote Raisin in the SunFrances Ellen Watkins Harper Quotes - abolitionist, womens rights advocateDorothy Height Quotes - civil rights leader, head of NCNW for more than 50 yearsBillie Holiday Quotes - popular jazz singer with a troubled personal lifeZora Neale Hurston Quotes - folklorist and writer, brought back from obscurity in the 1970s by Alice WalkerMae Jemison Quotes - astronaut, physician and scientistBarbara Jordan Quotes - politician, U.S. Cong resswoman and educatorJackie Joyner-Kersee Quotes - track and field Olympic athlete, called the worlds greatest athleteFlorynce Kennedy Quotes - feminist who was among the founders of NOW (National Organization for Women)Coretta Scott King Quotes - singer who married Dr. Martin Luther King jr., and became herself an active civil rights advocateAudre Lorde Quotes in her own words, a black-lesbian feminist mother lover poetRosa Parks Quotes - civil rights activist whose refusal to give up a set on a bus sparked the Montgomery bus boycottLucy Parsons Quotes - radical and anarchist whose husband was hanged as part of the so-called Haymarket Riot of 1886Leontyne Price Quotes - opera singerWilma Rudolph Quotes - fastest woman in the world - track and field OlympianMary Church Terrell Quotes - advocate for racial and gender equalitySojourner Truth Quotes - ex-slave, abolitionist and womens rights advocateHarriet Tubman Quotes - ex-slave, conductor on the Underground Railroad, Civil War nur se and spy, womens rights advocateWyomia Tyus Quotes - Olympic track championAlice Walker Quotes - novelist and activistOprah Winfrey Quotes - talk show hostess, broadcasting mogul, self-help promoter and first African American woman to become a billionaire

Sop for Engineering Management - 771 Words

My aim in life is to head the India operations of world’s leading automobile companies and to promote and commercialise the use of renewable energy sources as fuels in vehicles. Engineering Management as a degree is a perfect blend of engineering and management principles and ideally suited for people like me who want a techno-managerial position, also I will be able to work across all engineering verticals be it aerospace, engg construction, consultancy or automotive as in my case equipping me with the basic knowledge of business areas like finance, marketing and HR at the same time keeping me in touch with my technical side thus helping me arrive at a solution profitable and feasible for the producer amp; fulfils the demands of the†¦show more content†¦I would like to conclude with the reasons for my choosing to apply to your university in particular for my Master degree. The fact that your university houses the European tech Centre of Tata motors was a major encouraging factor, also was my discussion with alumni and students from WMG who unanimously opine that kind of career support, quality of faculty and international exposure I would get would be the very best. I feel that it is very much catering to my fields of interest and it is the right place to embark upon my academicShow MoreRelatedSite C Case Study1002 Words   |  5 PagesProgram (SOP) The SOP encourages the development of clean energy projects (15MW or less) throughout B.C., as set out in the 2007 BC Energy Plan and the 2010 Clean Energy Act. The SOP was also referenced in the 2013 Integrated Resource Plan, where the annual target was increased in order to support regional economic development and First Nations. It is important to note that SOP prices are different than the cost of energy that would be obtained through a competitive procurement process. Small SOP projectsRead MoreSop for Software Development1566 Words   |  7 PagesSTANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE DEPARTMENT : IT MIS SOP NO.: KPC-SW-10-01 PAGE NO.: 1 OF 8 EFF. DATE: TITLE: SOP FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT 1.0 OBJECTIVE REVIEW DATE: To describe the procedure for delivering technical solution through development of new software. 2.0 SCOPE This procedure is applicable to development of all new software application in the IT and MIS department. 3.0 RESPONSIBILITY 3.1 3.2 3.3 Programmers to develop software applications as per laid down procedure. Team Leader shallRead MorePros And Cons Of Site C1362 Words   |  6 PagesStanding Offer Program (SOP) The SOP encourages the development of clean energy projects (15MW or less) throughout B.C., as set out in the 2007 BC Energy Plan and the 2010 Clean Energy Act. The SOP was also referenced in the 2013 Integrated Resource Plan, where the annual target was increased in order to support regional economic development and First Nations. 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Implementing Processes Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma

Question: Discuss about the Implementing Processes for Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma. Answer: Introduction An organization puts in all the effort in ensuring that the products and services that are delivered are as per the best practices and standards to ensure utmost quality and user experience. There are a lot many processes that are carried out at an organizations end to ensure and measure the quality of the products, operations, procedures and services associated with a particular organization. One such process to measure and achieve the highest level of excellence is Benchmarking. There are also varied categories of wastes that are associated with the operations and processes carried out in an organization (Gordon, 2017). The methodology to reduce and manage such wastes in order to improve performance and efficiency is termed as Lean Six Sigma. The objectives of incorporating Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma in an organization allows the improvement of efficiency, enhancement of performance and productivity along with the ability to provide best quality results to the customers and of fer highest level of customer satisfaction (Buyukozkan, 2012). Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma Benchmarking is a set of processes and guidelines to understand the highest level of excellence that is associated with the operations, services, procedures and methods carried out by an organization and applying the improvement process and changes to achieve the same. The process involved is a lot more than data collection and comparison from other organizations. Rather, it can be used for a number of different industries to come up with newer ideas and methods to improve the processes that are involved in order to meet the expectations of the customers (Elmuti and Kathawala, 2016). There are a lot many wastes that are associated in the activities performed by an organization in terms of the activities and tasks that are not required. Lean Six Sigma is an amalgamation of Lean and Six Sigma that provides a set of guidelines to eliminate the waste and improve performance by solving problems in an effective manner (Longo, 2017). Achieving Business Process Change Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma can lead to continuous improvement and bring about business process change in an organization. There are a number of steps that can be followed in order to achieve a change for good. These steps shall include the activities that shall fall under five phase as Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control (DMAIC) (Desai and Shrivastava, 2008). Define phase shall include the planning and identification activities to understand and decide the processes and operations that are required to be benchmarked and the wastes that are involved with the same. The second phase shall include the collection of data from various sources such as from the internal documentation of the organization, reports of the competitor organizations, market statistics and trends and likewise (Bargerstock, 2017). The data collected shall then be measured and identified in terms of qualitative data, quantitative data, structured data, semi-structured data and unstructured data. Analyze phase shall then apply analytics techniques to come up with the required areas of improvements and the effort that shall be applied to improve the processes (Arafeh, 2015). The next phase shall focus upon the actual execution in order to apply the improvement and achieve the objectives of Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma. The last phase shall be Control phase in which the r eviews and inspections can be carried out to understand the status of the improvement application and apply modification, if any (Stephen, 2014). Case Studies: Application of Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma There are a number of industries that have adapted and applied Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma methodologies in order to improve their processes and operations. One such industry is the Information Technology. IT industry is huge and comprises of a lot many organizations varying at small, medium and large scale. Due to the presence of so many organizations, it becomes mandatory to have certain parameters and attributes to gain competitive edge over the rest of the organizations in the league. Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma are the methodologies that provide such an opportunity (Guarraia, 2008). Aberdeen Group has successfully applied Lean Six Sigma and Benchmarking techniques to achieve continuous improvement and competitive edge in the market. There were a number of challenges that were associated with the organization in terms of data collection, middle management, resistance to learn, cost of trainings, excessive cost associated with scrubbing of data and many others. DMAIC process of Lean Six Sigma as described in the section above along with the Benchmarking processes were jointly applied to eliminate the challenges and the same were responded to allow the organization to emerge as a distinguished entity in the market and achieve employee and customer satisfaction as well (Hertler, 2006). Wipro is another organization that has applied operational benchmarking in policy, process and technology changes to achieve competitive edge. There was lack of policies that as identified in the vendor management system followed in the organization along with the inter-office transactions. There were also issues with processes such as resource tracking and employee travel management systems. At the technological level, the loopholes were present in terms of ERP workflow and database management. With the process of operational benchmarking, data was collected internally and externally to understand all these challenges and solutions to bring about a change in the organization policies, processes and technology. Use of standard policies through the organization, adaptation of automated processes and technology was applied to improve the operations involved (Sehgal, 2013). There has been an immense rise in the use and application of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) techniques and processes in the IT industry especially at the small and medium scale enterprises. There were a lot many challenges that were identified with such organizations in terms of ERP implementation processes, data collection processes, hidden costs, enhanced implementation time and many more. Lean Six Sigma and Benchmarking was applied to such organizations in order to eliminate the issues and achieve enhanced performance management, customer satisfaction, cycle time management, production linearity and overall improvement in the business processes that are followed (Jha and Saini, 2011). Brazilian Government is an active player in the promotion of innovative initiatives in order to improve the performance and outputs associated with the companies and the small scale firms in the digital communication and manufacturing fields. These organizations adapt to the process of benchmarking by carrying out a survey to understand the areas of improvement and measuring and analyzing of the data that is collected to apply the improvement processes. Cianet Networking is an example of one such organization that succeeded in the application of benchmarking process and implemented competitive intelligent systems (Uriona, Dias and Varvakis, 2010). Information Technology also has a huge role to play in the education sector with the rise and expansion of e-learning courses and options. There are often issues that are observed in the actual learning of the student through an e-learning course. University Utara, Malaysia carried out an e-learning benchmarking survey to understand the issues that are involved in the process of e-learning and improve the same to make sure that the highest level of learning is delivered. There were significant results that were obtained through the benchmarking process in this case (Sam, 2015). Application of Lean Six Sigma and Benchmarking in the Current Organization The current organization is an IT organization that provides web services and solutions to the clients and involves a lot of data that is associated with the organization, third parties, clients and many other sources. There are a number of issues that are associated in the handling and management of such huge volumes of data leading to the problems of inaccuracy and duplication of data. Also, due to the inefficient management of the data, the same reflects upon the processes and procedures that are followed in the organization leading to the issues in efficiency and performance of the employees (Henderson, 2013). The overall services provided by the organization therefore get adversely impacted bringing down the levels of customer satisfaction. The improvement in these areas can be successfully done by the processes of Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma. The application of these methodologies shall be carried out in a series of phases or steps to achieve the best results. Initiation and definition stage must incorporate the arranging and recognizable proof exercises to comprehend and choose the procedures and operations that are required to be benchmarked and the squanders that are included with the same (Miguel, 2012). The second stage should incorporate the accumulation of information from different sources, for example, from the inward documentation of the association, reports of the contender associations, advertise insights and patterns and moreover. The information gathered should then be measured and distinguished regarding subjective information, quantitative information, organized information, semi-organized information and unstructured information. Break down stage might then apply examination methods to think of the required regions of upgrades and the exertion that should be connected to enhance the procedures. The following stage might center upon the real execution keeping in mind the end goal to apply the change and accomplish the destinations of Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma (Mahesh et al., 2017). The last stage should be Control stage in which the audits and investigations can be done to comprehend the status of the change application and apply alterations, if required. Such a phase by phase approach would ensure that the issues with the current organization are eliminated. The sources of data in the Lean Six Sigma and Benchmarking processes in this case would be the organization itself, employees associated with the organization, customers of the organization along with the peers (Aldairi, 2015). The data would provide an overview of the techniques that shall be applied to manage information, resources and customers with perfection. The issues that are associated with the data and information can then be improved by introduction of big data techniques and cloud databases for enhanced database management and elimination of wastes such as manual errors, replicated data and extra time involved in the data processing and management (Buestan, 2016). Also, the efficient data handling and management would directly have an impact on the resources involved with the organization. Such an approach would therefore lead to the success of the Benchmarking and Le an Six Sigma processes and would allow better delivery of services and solutions and an enhanced level of customer trust and satisfaction as well (Antony, 2017). Conclusion Benchmarking is a set of processes and guidelines to understand the highest level of excellence that is associated with the operations, services, procedures and methods carried out by an organization and applying the improvement process and changes to achieve the same. The process involved is a lot more than data collection and comparison from other organizations. Lean Six Sigma is an amalgamation of Lean and Six Sigma that provides a set of guidelines to eliminate the waste and improve performance by solving problems in an effective manner. The objectives of incorporating Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma in an organization allows the improvement of efficiency, enhancement of performance and productivity along with the ability to provide best quality results to the customers and offer highest level of customer satisfaction. There are a number of industries that have adapted and applied Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma methodologies in order to improve their processes and operations. On e such industry is the Information Technology. IT industry is huge and comprises of a lot many organizations varying at small, medium and large scale. Due to the presence of so many organizations, it becomes mandatory to have certain parameters and attributes to gain competitive edge over the rest of the organizations in the league. Benchmarking and Lean Six Sigma are the methodologies that provide such an opportunity to these organizations. References Aldairi, J. (2015). A Conceptual Model for a Hybrid Knowledgebased Lean Six Sigma Maintenance System for Sustainable Buildings. [online] Available at: https://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCE2015/WCE2015_pp939-944.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Antony, J. (2017). Key Ingredients for a Successful Six Sigma Program. [online] Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ff99/9c26704447de80311a10f9b8e06ca58110bb.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Arafeh, M. (2015). Combining Lean Concepts Tools with the DMAIC Framework to Improve Processes and Reduce Waste. [online] Available at: https://file.scirp.org/pdf/AJOR_2015052614530905.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Bargerstock, A. (2017). Case Study: Application of DMAIC to Academic Assessment in Higher Education. [online] Available at: https://rube.asq.org/edu/2015/08/case-study-application-of-dmaic-to-academic-assessment-in-higher-education.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Buestan, M. (2016). A proposed framework for implementing Lean Six Sigma methodology in Ecuadorian Children Hospital. [online] Available at: https://www.laccei.org/LACCEI2016-SanJose/RefereedPapers/RP213.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Buyukozkan, G. (2012). Benchmarking process formalization and a case study: Benchmarking for Quality Management Technology: Vol 5, No 2. [online] Emeraldinsight.com. Available at: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/14635779810212356 [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Desai, T. and Shrivastava, R. (2008). Six Sigma A New Direction to Quality and Productivity Management. [online] Available at: https://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCECS2008/WCECS2008_pp1047-1052.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Elmuti, D. and Kathawala, Y. (2016). An overview of benchmarking process: a tool for continuous improvement and competitive advantage. [online] Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8748/092dcb7f88ab1e1f09d7826f8c07402918ce.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Gordon, S. (2017). Benchmarking The Information Systems Function. [online] Faculty.babson.edu. Available at: https://faculty.babson.edu/gordon/papers/F94BENCH.HTM [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Guarraia, P. (2008). Lean Six Sigma for the services industry. [online] Available at: https://www.bain.com/Images/BB_Lean%20Six%20Sigma%20in%20Services_ALL%20pages.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Henderson, K. (2013). Successful implementation of Six Sigma: benchmarking General Electric Company: Benchmarking: An International Journal: Vol 7, No 4. [online] Emeraldinsight.com. Available at: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/14635770010378909 [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Hertzler, (2006). The Lean Six Sigma Benchmark Report. [online] Available at: https://www.hertzler.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Hertzler_Aberdeen_Lean_Six_Sigma_Benchmark_Report.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Jha, R. and Saini, A. (2011). Process Benchmarking through Lean Six Sigma for ERP Sustainability in Small Medium Enterprises. [online] Available at: https://bvicam.ac.in/bijit/downloads/pdf/issue6/10.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Longo, E. (2017). Principles of Lean Six Sigma and CAPA. [online] Available at: https://academic.uprm.edu/ispeprsc/media/(2012.04.28)_Principles_of_Lean_Six_Sigma_2012.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Mahesh, M., Wong, Y., Fuh, J. and Loh, H. (2017). A Six-sigma approach for benchmarking of RPM processes. Miguel, P. (2012). Benchmarking the use of tools and techniques in the Six Sigma programme based on a survey conducted in a developing country: Benchmarking: An International Journal: Vol 19, No 6. [online] Emeraldinsight.com. Available at: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/14635771211284279 [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Sam, T. (2015). E-learning Benchmarking Survey: A Case Study of University Utara Malaysia. [online] Available at: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1059823.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Sehgal, R. (2013). Operational Benchmarking Driving Business Efficiency. [online] Available at: https://www.wipro.com/documents/operational_benchmarking_driving_business_efficiency.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Stephen, P. (2014). Application of DMAIC to integrate Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma. [online] Available at: https://theses.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06152004-123300/unrestricted/thesis.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Uriona, M., Dias, N. and Varvakis, G. (2010). Initiatives in benchmarking innovation management in small high-technology firms: a case study in the Brazilian digital communications manufacturing sector. [online] Cairn.info. Available at: https://www.cairn.info/revue-projectique-2010-2-page-63.htm [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017].